Which process helps to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture?

The process that effectively separates components of a heterogeneous mixture is filtration. In a heterogeneous mixture, the different substances present do not uniformly blend and can often be visually distinguished. Filtration takes advantage of this by passing the mixture through a filter, which allows smaller particles or liquids to pass through while trapping larger solid particles.

For example, if you have a mixture of sand and water, filtration will allow the water to flow through the filter paper, leaving the sand behind. This method is particularly useful for separating solid from liquid components, making it a reliable choice for heterogeneous mixtures where the solid is still present in a distinctly separate phase from the liquid.

In contrast, dissolution generally involves a solute completely integrating into a solvent; evaporation is primarily used to separate a liquid from a dissolved solute; and crystallization focuses on forming solid crystals from a solution, which may not be effective for removing solid particles from a heterogeneous mixture.