What is the main purpose of a titration process?

The main purpose of a titration process is to determine the concentration of a solution. During a titration, a solution of known concentration, known as the titrant, is gradually added to a solution of unknown concentration until the reaction reaches a specific endpoint, which can often be visually indicated by a color change or measured with a pH meter. By measuring the volume of titrant required to reach this endpoint, one can calculate the concentration of the unknown solution using stoichiometric relationships based on the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

This process is crucial in various applications, such as determining acidity in food products, analyzing water quality, and in many laboratory analyses in chemistry. The other options listed relate to different processes and are not the primary goal of titration. For example, while a titration may involve changing the pH of a solution as part of the process, that change is a means to an end; the real objective is to ascertain the unknown concentration of the solution being tested.