A solution that has the maximum amount of solute dissolved for a given temperature and pressure is termed __________.

A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a specific temperature and pressure is termed saturated. In a saturated solution, the solute is in equilibrium with its solid form, meaning that no more solute can dissolve in the solvent without changing the conditions, such as increasing temperature or pressure.

This concept is essential in understanding how solubility behaves under different environmental factors. When saturation is reached, any additional solute will not dissolve and may settle at the bottom or remain undissolved.

The terms unsaturated, supersaturated, and concentrated describe different states of solutions. An unsaturated solution contains less solute than the maximum that can dissolve, while a supersaturated solution contains more solute than is normally possible at that temperature and pressure, often achieved through specific processes. A concentrated solution generally refers to a solution with a high amount of solute but does not specify whether it is saturated or unsaturated. Therefore, the defining characteristic of a saturated solution is its maximum solute capacity under given conditions.